Is vaping better than smoking for cardiorespiratory and muscle function? (2024)

1.World Health Organisation.WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2017: tobacco use surveillance and prevention policies. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017.[Google Scholar]

2.The Office for National Statistics.Smoking habits of adults in Great Britain. Londen: Dandy Booksellers Ltd.; 2017.[Google Scholar]

3.The Office for National Statistics.Smoking habits of adults in Britain: 2018. Available from:https://www.ons.gov.uk/releases/adultsmokinghabitsintheuk2018 [Google Scholar]

4.Lopez AD, Collishaw NE, Piha T.A descriptive model of the cigarette epidemic in developed countries.Tob-controle1994;3:242-7.[Google Scholar]

5.Heishman SJ, Kleykamp BA, Singleton EG.Meta-analysis of the acute effects of nicotine and smoking on human performance.Psychofarmacologie (Berl)2010;210:453-69.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

6.Action against smoking and health.Use of e-cigarettes (vapourizers) among British adults. 2019. Available from:https://ash.org.uk/information-and-resources/fact-sheets/statistical/use-of-e-sigaretten-onder-adults-in-great-britain-2019/ [Google Scholar]

7.Korfei M.The underestimated danger of e-cigarettes – even in the absence of nicotine.Adem Res2018;19:159.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

8.Schraufnagel DE, Blasi F, Drummond MB, Lam DC, Latif E, Rosen MJ, et al.Electronic cigarettes. A position statement of the Forum of International Respiratory Societies.Am J Respir Crit Care Med2014;190:611-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

9.Kühn B.Vaping and pregnancy.JAMA2019;321:1344. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

10.McAlinden KD, Chan YL, Kota A, Chen H, Oliver BG, Sharma P.Mothers' vaping of e-cigarettes increases the development of allergic asthma in offspring. I:Proceedings Int Conf American Thoracic Society, 2017; Summary A7333.[Google Scholar]

11.Orzabal MR, Lunde-Young ER, Ramirez JI, Howe SY, Naik VD, Lee J, et al.Chronic e-cigarette aerosol exposure during early development causes vascular dysfunction and growth retardation in offspring.Translate Res2019;207:70-82.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

12.Glantz SA, Forbes ER.The cigarette papers. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1996.[Google Scholar]

13.Ling PM, Glantz SA.Consumer research in the tobacco industry on socially acceptable cigarettes.Tob-controle2005;14:e3.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

14.Like H.Electronic atomizing cigarette.US patent US8393331B2; 2004.[Google Scholar]

15.Demiek B.A high-tech approach to getting a nicotine fix.Los Angeles Times [internet]; 2009. Available from:https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-apr-25-fgchina-cigarettes25-story.html [Google Scholar]

16.Dutra LM, Grana R, Glantz SA.Since 1990, Philip Morris has been researching the precursors of the modern e-cigarette.Tob-controle2017;26:e97-105.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

17.Foulds J, Veldheer S.Commentary on Etter & Bullen (2011): Could e-cigarettes become the ultimate nicotine maintenance device?Dependency2011;106:2029. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

18.Nadat J-F.Electronic cigarettes: a survey of users.BMC Public Health2010;10:231.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

19.In JF , Bullen C .Electronic cigarette: user profile, use, satisfaction and perceived effectiveness.Dependency2011;106:2017-28. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

20.Dawkins L, Turner J, Roberts A, Soar K.'Vaping' profiles and preferences: an online survey of electronic cigarette users.Dependency2013;108:1115-25. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

21.Dockrell M, Morrison R, Bauld L, McNeill A.E-cigarettes: prevalence and attitudes in Britain.Nicotine Tob Res2013;15:1737-44.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

22.Farsalinos KE, Romagna G, Tsiapras D, Kyrzopoulos S, Voudris V.Evaluation of nicotine levels and patterns of electronic cigarette use in a group of "vapers" who had achieved complete smoking cessation.Subtle abuse2013;7:139-46.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

23.Filippidis FT, Laverty AA, Gerovasili V, Vardavas CI.Two-year trends and forecasts of e-cigarette use in 27 EU Member States.Tob-controle2017;26:98-104.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

24.Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Morjaria JB, Papale G, Campagna D, Russo C.Effect of an electronic nicotine delivery device (e-cigarette) on smoking reduction and cessation: a 6-month prospective pilot study.BMC Public Health2011;11:786.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

25.Polosa R, Morjaria JB, Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Russo C, Alamo A, et al.Efficacy and tolerability of electronic cigarettes in real life: a 24-month prospective observational study.Internal speed med2014;9:537-46. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

26.Caponnetto P, Campagna D, Cibella F, Morjaria JB, Caruso M, Russo C, et al.Efficacy and safety of an electronic cigarette (ECLAT) as a replacement for tobacco cigarettes: a prospective 12-month randomized control trial.PloS One2013;8:e66317.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

27.Hajek P, Phillips-Waller A, Przulj D, Pesola F, Myers Smith K, Bisal N, et al.A randomized trial of e-cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapy.N Engels J Med2019;380:629-37. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

28.Kempton SJ, Burish NM, Rao VK.Electronic Cigarettes: Have You Asked Your Patients About Vaping?Plast Reconstr Surg2014;133:907e. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

29.European Commission.Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco and related products. Brussels: European Commission; 2012.[Google Scholar]

30.Hua M, Alfi M, Talbot P.Health-related effects reported by electronic cigarette users on online forums.J Med Internet Res2013;15:e59.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

31.Westenberger BJ.Evaluation of e-cigarettes. St. Louis: Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis; 2009.[Google Scholar]

32.Cobb NK, Abrams D.The e-cigarette or drug delivery device.N Engels J Med. 2011;365(3): 193-5. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

33.Callahan-Lyon P.Electronic cigarettes: implications for human health.Tob-controle2014;23:ii36-ii40.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

34.Bressan RA, Crippa JA.The role of dopamine in reward and pleasure behavior – review of preclinical data.Acta Psychiatr Scand2005;111:14-21. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

35.Benowitz NL.Nicotineverslaving.N Engels J Med2010;362: 2295-303.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

36.Cameron JM, Howell DN, White JR, Andrenyak DM, Layton ME, Roll JM.Variable and potentially lethal amounts of nicotine in e-cigarette nicotine solutions.Tob-controle2014;23:77-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

37.Ordonez J, Forrester MB, Kleinschmidt K.Exposure to electronic cigarettes reported at poison centers.Clin Toxicol2013;51: 685.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

38.Center for Disease Control Prevention.Use of cigarettes and cigarette butts by children - Rhode Island, January 1994 - July 1996.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep1997;46:125-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

39.Thornton S, Oller L, Sawyer T, editors.Fatal intravenous injection of electronic "eLiquid" solution.Clin Toxicol2013;51:683.177.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

40.Valento M.Nicotine poisoning after consuming e-Liquid.Clin Toxicol2013;51:683-4.[Google Scholar]

41.Christensen LB, van't Veen T, Bang J.Three cases of attempted suicide by consuming nicotine liquid used in e-cigarettes.Clin Toxicol2013;51:290,85[Google Scholar]

42.Laugesen M.Second safety report on the Ruyan® e-cigarette.That2008;27:4375.[Google Scholar]

43.Wieslander G, Norbäck D, Lindgren T.Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist during emergency aviation training: acute eye and respiratory effects.Occup Milieu Med2001;58:649-55.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

44.Choi H, Schmidbauer N, Sundell J, Hasselgren M, Spengler J, Bornehag CG.Common household chemicals and allergy risks in preschoolers.PloS One2010;5:e13423.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

45.Goniewicz ML, Knysak J, Gawron M, Kosmider L, Sobczak A, Kurek J, et al.Levels of selected carcinogens and toxins in electronic cigarette vapor.Tob-controle2014;23:133-9.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

46.Cahn Z, Siegel M.Electronic cigarettes as a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control: a step forward or a repeat of past mistakes?J Public health policy2011;32:16-31. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

47.Harber P, Saechao K, Boomus C.Diacetyl-induced lung disease.Toxicol ds2006;25:261-72. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

48.Rankin GD, Wingfors H, Uski O, Hedman L, Ekstrand-Hammarström B, Bosson J, et al.The toxic potential of a fourth-generation e-cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants.J Application Toxicol2019;39(8): 1143-1154. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

49.Kim SA, Smith S, Beauchamp C, Song Y, Chiang M, Giuseppetti A, et al.Cariogenic potential of sweet flavors in electronic cigarette liquids.PLoS One2018;13:e0203717.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

50.Talhout R, Schulz T, Florek E, van Benthem J, Wester P, Opperhuizen A.Hazardous substances in tobacco smoke.Int J Environ Public Health Research2011;8:613-28.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

51.Williams M, Villarreal A, Bozhilov K, Lin S, Talbot P.Metal and silicate particles, including nanoparticles, are present in the cartomizer fluid and electronic cigarette aerosol.PLoS One2013;8:e57987.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

52.Vardavas C, Tzatzarakis M, Vardavas A, Girvalaki C, Stivaktakis P, Nikolouzakis T, et al.Evaluation of respiratory irritants among the most popular e-cigarette refills in 9 European countries.Eur Respir J2017;50:OA1978. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

53.Matt GE, Quintana PJ, Hoh E, Zakarian JM, Dodder NG, Record RA, et al.Persistent Tobacco Smoke Residues in Multi-Unit Dwellings: Legacy of Permissive Indoor Smoking Policies and Challenges in Implementing Smoking Bans.Previous with representative2020:101088.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

54.Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S, Woods R, Elliott WM, Buzatu L, et al.The nature of small airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.N Engels J Med2004;350:2645-53. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

55.Center for Disease Control Prevention.How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biological and Behavioral Basis of Smoking Attributable Disease: A Chief Medical Officer's Report. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2010. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

56.Stanescu D, Sanna A, Veriter C, Kostianev S, Calcagni P, Fabbri L, et al.Airway obstruction, chronic mucus and rapid decline in FEV1 in smokers are associated with increased levels of sputum neutrophils.Thorax1996;51:267-71.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

57.Wüst RC, Degens H.Factors contributing to muscle wasting and dysfunction in COPD patients.Int J Chron Obstruction Pulmonary Dis2007;2:289.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

58.Salvi SS, Barnes PJ.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-smokers.Lancet2009;374:733-43. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

59.Palazzolo DL.Electronic cigarettes and vaping: a new challenge in clinical medicine and public health. A literature review.Public Health Front2013;1:56.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

60.Vardavas CI, Anagnostopoulos N, Kougias M, Evangelopoulou V, Connolly GN, Behrakis PK.Short-term lung effects of electronic cigarette use: effects on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide.Chest2012;141:1400-6. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

61.Flouris AD, Chorti MS, Poulianiti KP, Jamurtas AZ, Kostikas K, Tzatzarakis MN, et al.Acute effects of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function.Inhalator Toxicol2013;25:91-101. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

62.Hansson L, Choudry NB, Karlsson JA, Fuller RW.Inhaled nicotine in humans: effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems.J Appl Physiol (1985)1994;76:2420-7. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

63.Vakali S, Tsikrika S, Gennimata SA, Kaltsakas G, Palamidaw A, Koulouris N, et al.Acute effect of e-cigarette on symptoms and airway inflammation: comparison of a nicotine-containing versus a non-nicotine device.Eur Respir J2013;42:P1055.[Google Scholar]

64.Chaumont M, Bernard A, Pochet S, Melot C, El Khattabi C, Reye F, et al.High-wattage e-cigarettes cause tissue hypoxia and lower respiratory tract injury: a randomized clinical trial.Am J Respir Crit Care Med2018;198:123-6. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

65.Li D, Sundar IK, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Goniewicz ML, O'Connor RJ, et al.Association of smoking and electronic cigarette use with wheezing and related respiratory symptoms in adults: cross-sectional results from the PATH (Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health) study, wave 2.Tob-controle2020;29:140-7.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

66.McCauley L, Markin C, Hosmer D.An unexpected consequence of using electronic cigarettes.Chest2012;141:1110-3. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

67.Meo SA, Ansary MA, Barayan FR, Almusallam AS, Almehaid AM, Alarifi NS, et al.Electronic cigarettes: influence on lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in healthy adults.Ben J Human Health2019;13:1557988318806073.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

68.Kiter G, Ucan E, Ceylon E, Kilinc O.Hookah smoking and lung functions.Breathe in2000;94:891-4. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

69.Mus D, Stefos T, Bossé R, Weiss ST.The relationship between tar content and decline in lung function in cigarette smokers.Ben Rev Respir Dis1983;127:56-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

70.Polosa R, Cibella F, Caponnetto P, Maglia M, Prosperini U, Russo C, et al.Health impact of e-cigarettes: a prospective 3.5-year study among regular daily users who have never smoked.Scientific representative2017;7:13825.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

71.Wüst RC, Morse CI, De Haan A, Rittweger J, Jones DA, Degens H.Skeletal muscle properties and resistance to fatigue in relation to smoking history.Eur J Appl Physiol2008;104:103.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

72.Glynos C, Bibi SI, Katsaounou P, Pavlidou A, Magkou C, Karavana V, et al.Comparing the effects of e-cigarette vapor with cigarette smoke on lung function and inflammation in mice.Am J Physiol Longcel Mol Physiol2018;315:L662-72. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

73.Lauria V, Sperandio E, de Sousa T, de Oliveira Vieira W, Romiti M, de Toledo Gagliardi A, et al.Evaluation of the dose-response relationship between smoking burden and cardiopulmonary fitness in adult smokers: a cross-sectional study.Rev Port Pneumol (2006). 2017;23(2):79-84. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

74.de Borba AT, Jost RT, Gass R, Nedel FB, Cardoso DM, Pohl HH, et al.The influence of active and passive smoking on the cardiorespiratory fitness of adults.Multidisciplinaire Respir Med2014;9:34.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

75.Misigoj-Durakovic M, Bok D, Soric M, Dizdar D, Durakovic Z, Jukic I.The effect of cigarette smoking history on muscular and cardiorespiratory endurance.J Addict Dis2012;31:389-96. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

76.Campisi R, Czernin J, Schöder H, Sayre JW, Marengo FD, Phelps ME, et al.Effects of long-term smoking on myocardial blood flow, coronary vasomotion and vasodilatory capacity.Circulation1998;98:119-25. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

77.Groppelli A, Giorgi D, Omboni S, Parati G, Mancia G.Persistent increase in blood pressure caused by heavy smoking.J Hypertens1992;10:495-9. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

78.Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch V, Spiegelhalter D, Miller O, Sullivan I, et al.Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis.Lancet1992;340:1111-5. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

79.Lekakis J, Papamichael C, Vemmos C, Nanas J, Kontoyannis D, Stamatelopoulos S, et al.Effect of acute cigarette smoking on endothelium-dependent brachial artery dilation in healthy subjects.Ben J Cardiol1997;79:529-31. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

80.Quillen JE, Rossen JD, Oskarsson HJ, Minor RL, Lopez JAG, Winniford MD.Acute effect of cigarette smoking on coronary circulation: constriction of epicardial and resistance vessels.J Am Coll Cardiool1993;22:642-7. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

81.Skotsimara G, Antonopoulos A, Oikonomou E, Ioakeimidis N, Tsalamandris S, Georgakopoulos C, et al.E-cigarette exposure negatively affects blood pressure and heart rate in healthy subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Circulation2018;138:A11507-A.[Google Scholar]

82.Yan XS, D'Ruiz C.Effects of electronic cigarette use on nicotine delivery and cardiovascular function compared to regular cigarettes.Regul Toxicol Pharmacol2015;71:24-34. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

83.Battista L, Di Iorio M, Tancredi M, Acconcia MC, Torromeo C, Barilla F, et al.Cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes [abstract].American Heart Association; 2013.[Google Scholar]

84.Benowitz NL, Fraiman JB.Cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes.Nat Rev Cardiol. 2017;14:447-56.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

85.Chaumont M, de Becker B, Zaher W, Culié A, Deprez G, Mélot C, et al.Differential effects of the e-cigarette on microvascular endothelial function, arterial stiffness and oxidative stress: a randomized crossover study.Scientific representative2018;8:10378.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

86.Lundbäck M, Antoniewicz L, Brynedal A, Bosson J.Acute effects of active inhalation of e-cigarettes on arterial stiffness.Eur Respir J2017;50:OA1979.[Google Scholar]

87.Antoniewicz L, Brynedal A, Hedman L, Lundbäck M, Bosson JA.Acute effects of inhalation of electronic cigarettes on the vascular and conducting airways.Cardiovascular toxicol2019:1-10.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

88.Shahab L, Goniewicz ML, Blount BC, Brown J, McNeill A, Alwis KU, et al.Exposure to nicotine, carcinogens and toxins in long-term users of e-cigarettes and nicotine replacement products: a cross-sectional study.Ann Stagier Med2017;166:390-400.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

89.Corporal A, Langham MC, Guo W, Johncola A, Chatterjee S, Wehrli FW.Acute effects of inhalation of electronic cigarette aerosols on vascular function demonstrated by quantitative MRI.Radiology2019;293:97-106.[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

90.Larsson L, Örlander J.Morphology, metabolism and function of skeletal muscle in smokers and non-smokers. A study of smoking discordant monozygotic twins.Acta Physiol-scand1984;120:343-52. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

91.Degens H, Veerkamp J.Changes in oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance in skeletal muscle.Int J Biochem1994;26:871-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

92.Örlander J, Kiessling KH, Larsson L.Skeletal muscle metabolism, morphology and function in sedentary smokers and nonsmokers.Acta Physiol-scand1979;107:39-46. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

93.Degens H, Gayan-Ramirez G, van Hees HW.Smoking-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction. From evidence to mechanisms.Am J Respir Crit Care Med2015;191620-5. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

94.Petersen AMW , Magkos F , Atherton P , Selby A , Smith K , Rennie MJ , et al.Smoking impairs muscle protein synthesis and increases muscle myostatin and MAFbx expression.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2007;293:E843-8. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

95.Barreiro E, Peinado VI, Galdiz JB, Ferrer E, Marin-Corral J, Sanchez F, et al.Cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress: a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, skeletal muscle dysfunction.Am J Respir Crit Care Med2010;182:477-88. [PubMed][Google Scholar]

96.Seymour J, Spruit M, Hopkinson N, Natanek S, Man WC, Jackson A, et al.The prevalence of quadriceps weakness in COPD and its association with disease severity.Eur Respir J2010;36:81-8[PMC free article][PubMed][Google Scholar]

Is vaping better than smoking for cardiorespiratory and muscle function? (2024)
Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Allyn Kozey

Last Updated:

Views: 6056

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (63 voted)

Reviews: 86% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Allyn Kozey

Birthday: 1993-12-21

Address: Suite 454 40343 Larson Union, Port Melia, TX 16164

Phone: +2456904400762

Job: Investor Administrator

Hobby: Sketching, Puzzles, Pet, Mountaineering, Skydiving, Dowsing, Sports

Introduction: My name is Allyn Kozey, I am a outstanding, colorful, adventurous, encouraging, zealous, tender, helpful person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.